Globalizacia Paper

2038 words - 9 pages

Vysoká škola ekonómie a manažmentu verejnej správy v BratislaveSeminárna práca z predmetuHospodárska geografiaÚVODGlobalizácia je fenomén, ktorý je súčasťou nášho každodenného života a dotýka sa každého z nás. V radoch odborníkov má množstvo zástancov, ale aj odporcov. Pre bežného človeka vie byť toto slovo univerzálne pri pomenovaní úspechov i problémov Cieľom tejto práce je preto vysvetliť pojem globalizácia, poukázať na ...view middle of the document...

Vychádza z predpokladu, že sa nachádzame v jednom svete. Pre svetové hospodárstvo má kladný vplyv, avšak medzi jednotlivými časťami sveta sa presadzujú mocenské záujmy. Dochádza k rozvoju informačných technológií, rozširovanie kultúr, masovej turistiky, migrácie a tým aj zhoršovaniu životného prostredia, lokálnym konfliktom. Zásadný význam má vznik nadnárodných spoločností, globálnych finančných trhov.Na druhej strane stoja antiglobalizačné aktivity, ktoré sprevádzajú proces globalizácie. Organizujú ich predstavitelia mimovládnych organizácií a nadnárodných sietí. Vystupujú predovšetkým proti konzumnému správaniu, poškodzovaniu životného prostredia, potláčaniu kultúrnych výnimočností.VývojPočiatok globalizácie sa datuje do obdobia rokov 1870-1920. V tomto období dochádza k masívnemu investovaniu do podnikania a rozvoja medzinárodného obchodu. Pohyb financií cez hranice napomohol rozvoju priemyslu. V nasledujúcom období 1944-1970, po 2.sv. vojne znovu narastá investovanie do obchodu a cezhraničných finančných investícií. Tieto stále častejšie uskutočňujú nadnárodné spoločnosti. V tomto období vzniká tzv. triáda zložená s USA, Japonska a západnej Európy. Posledná etapa trvá od roku 1970 do dnes. Je spojená s dereguláciou ekonomiky, znižovaním štátnych invencií, novými technológiami výroby. Medzinárodný pohyb financií sa zrýchlil začiatkom 80-tych rokov počas obdobia R. Regana a M. Thatcherovej a začiatkom 90-tych rokov po páde sovietskeho bloku sa stali trhy naozaj globálnymi. Dopomohla k tomu najmä ich snaha obmedziť zásahy štátu do ekonomiky.Nepriaznivé dôsledky sa prejavujú hlavne v menej rozvinutých krajinách, kde pri trhovej tvorbe bohatstva neberie ohľad na sociálne potreby a tieto sú vytlačené na okraj. Rastú rozdiely medzi rozdelením zdrojov v súkromnom a verejnom sektore. Finančné trhy v rozvojových krajinách sú náchylné aj na vznik kríz.Vplyv globalizácie na slovenskú ekonomikuGlobalizácia a jej podstatné aspekty sa dotýkajú Slovenska...

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Globalizacia Paper

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