A vital proceeding in the specialty of child and adolescent psychiatry was the recognition of juvenility or childhood as a unique phase of life with its own developmental stages, beginning with the infant and eventually continuing through adolescence (Developmental psychology: childhood and adolescence). As early as the late 1800's, the term "child psychiatry" was used as a sub-title in Manheimer's monograph "Les Troubles Mentaux de I'Enfance" (Manheim, Marcel (1960)). However, psychiatrist Moritz Tramer (1882-1963) was most likely the one to define the boundaries of child psychiatry in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis within the discipline of medicine in 1933. In 1934, Mor ...view middle of the document...
Other divisions of child psychiatry began to evolve in the United States in the late 1930's. The first "pediatric psychiatry clinic" was established at John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, headed by Dr. Leo Kranner and his esteemed staff (John Hopkins: Child Psychiatry). The field of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry was established as a recognized medical specialty in the United States, however, in 1953 with the founding of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, which was not established as an accredited, board- certifiable medical specialty until 1959 (The Selling of DSM: the rhetoric of science in psychiatry). The first extensive public survey of 9- to 11-year-olds, carried out in London, England and the Isle of Wight, addressed questions that have continued to be of importance for child psychiatry. This work was extremely influential and the influence of social and contextual aspects in children's mental health, in their later re-evaluation of the original aide of children. These studies described the prevalence of ADHD, identified the onset and prevalence of depression in mid-adolescence and the frequent co-morbidity with conduct disorder, and explored the relationship between various mental disorders and scholastic achievement (Rutter, Michael). The classification of mental disorders, also known as "psychiatric neology" of "taxonomy", is an essential aspect of psychiatry and offer mental health professions and an important issue for people who may possible be diagnosed. Currently, there exist only two widely established systems for classifying diseases and disorders- The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders produced by the (APA) and Chapter Five of the International Classification of Diseases produced by the (WHO). Both list categories of disorders believed to be distinct types, and have significant differences (Knoji.com/classification). Developmental Disorders- A developmental disorder is any of the extensive amounts of conditions that appear at some stage in a child's or adolescent's growth or development and delays the advancement of one or more psychological functions, such as language or motor skills (Collinsdictionary.com). Developmental Disorders physical and psychological disorders, for example Dyscalculia or Autism. These disorders are a breakage in the natural development of cognitive or motor skills that are augmented before the age of twenty-two. The disorders usually have no cure and are anticipated to last indefinitely, however, most could be treatable (Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine). Developmental disorders can be grouped into specific developmental disorders and pervasive developmental disorders. Specific developmental disorders are disorders in which development is delayed in one specific area or areas, and in which basically all other areas of development are not affected (Textbook of Post-graduate Psychiatry). Specific developmental disorders are as opposed to pervasive developmental disord...
