The 1930's were a critical time in United States history. America was in the worst depression in history. There were two presidents who were in office during this period; President Herbert Hoover (1929-1932) and President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1932-1948). Both had different views politically; particularly when it came to the depression. In this paper I will discuss the different views that these two presidents had on the depression; and who did what to end the depression. I will start with president Hoover.Herbert Clark Hoover started his political career as head of the Department of Commerce during president Harding and Coolidge's term. During this time; Hoover became very noticed a ...view middle of the document...
Hoover would put General Douglas Mac Arthur in charge to disperse of the veterans out of their campground. Hoover would also ask the police to get the veterans out of the area of the White House. General Mac Arthur's troop killed two veterans and injured many more. Hoovers future as president was in jeopardy after the decisions he made to stop the depression. Many people knew that in the election of 1932 he would lose; the person he was running against was Franklin Delano Roosevelt.Franklin D. Roosevelt would beat Hoover convincively; he did this by promising the American people that he would do something to stop the depression. President Hoover would continue to disagree with Roosevelt's idea of the New Deal. The New Deal was a program of Roosevelt's that was for relief, recovery, and reform. This New Deal was an answer for many social, economical, and political factors.The first two years of the New Deal dealt mainly with relief; feeding and sheltering the millions of unemployed citizens. Roosevelt emphasis after time went toward recovery. There were many different agencies created during this time to forego this immense task. One of these new agencies was the National Recovery Administration (NRA).The NRA created in 1933 and was to perform immediate relief with long range reform and recovery. The NRA was designed to assist labor, industry, and the unemployed by setting standard or wages, prices, working conditions, and hours. It guaranteed the laborers to organize unions; and negotiate on the whole with employers through agents of their own choosing. The NRA gave the power of regulating interstate commerce to the President; this power was originally given to Congress. The NRA was effective in bringing America closer to socialism by giving the President unconstitutional powers. The US Supreme Court ruled that the NRA was unconstitutional in Schechter v. United States on the basis that code-drafting was unconstitutional.More programs of the New Deal were to follow suit such as the Farm Credit Administration; this dealt with the refinancing of farm mortgages at lower interest rates. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was to guarantee bank deposits up to five thousand dollars. The Federal Securities Act would require that stock and bond issues register with the Federal Trade Commission and then later with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was to provide jobs for men aged between eighteen and twenty-five.The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) founded in 1933 was the first major effort of the congress to cope with the millions of adult Americans that were unemployed. The main importance was immediate relief of economic disaster rather then long range recovery. FERA was to cooperate with the states in relieving hardships caused by unemployment. FERA would support state construction of public buildings and bridges, organize adult literacy programs, and financed college education...
