Resource A: The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. Japan surrendered after the United States dropped the bomb on Nagasaki.
Resource B: As part of the Nazi plan to exterminate the Jews, millions of people were sent to be
killed or worked to death in concentration camps.
Resource C: Japan’s sphere of influence was in Manchuria, a region in northeastern China that
was rich in natural resources. In 1931, Japan’s army seized the entire region.
Resource D: Copy the arrows shown on the “War in the Pacific, 1942 – 1945” map in the
Student Text
Resource E: Germany’s last offensive of the war was the Battle of the Bulge in Belgium.
Resource F: The United States began sending arms to Great Britain under the Lend-Lease Act.
Resource G: The Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union was successful at first, as the Germans
used brutal blitzkrieg tactics to drive into Russia. However, they were stopped by the Russian
winter.
Resource H: In their 1939 non-aggression treaty, Hitler promised Stalin a part of Poland and
guaranteed Russia a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe. In return, Stalin pledged not to
attack Germany.
Resource I: To protect Australia from Japan, the United States fought the battle of the Coral
Sea, which was fought entirely by carrier-based aircraft. It was the first naval battle in which the
enemies’ warships never saw each other.
Resource J: U.S. President Harry S. Truman had the difficult decision about whether to drop an
atomic bomb on Japan or to launch an invasion.
Resource K: Between 1931 and 1940, Japan invaded Manchuria as well as a substantial portion
of China further south. They also seized French Indochina.
Resource L: The defensive perimeter the Japanese had established around Japan disappeared
after the Allies captured the key islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa in early 1945.
Resource M: With the Anschluss, Hitler took control of Austria and furthered his goal of uniting
all ethnic Germans in the German Reich.
Resource N: Students should draw an arrow from southern England to northern France.
Resource O: Allied forces launched a final offensive in North Africa in May 1943, forcing Axis
resistance to collapse.
Resource P: During the Battle of Britain, RAF pilots defended the nation against German
bombing attacks. When Germany began targeting cities, Londoners called this period the Blitz.
Resource Q: The U.S. Congress passed several Neutrality Acts in the 1930s. These acts were
designed to keep the country out of conflicts brewing in Europe.
Resource R: As many as 60 million people died in World War II – about half of them civilians.
More than 20 million Europeans were made homeless by the fighting.
Resource S: The British bombed German cities to try to weaken civilian morale. The German
city of Dresden was firebombed into absolute ruin.
Resource T: The Battle of Stalingrad involved firebombs, fierce street-by-street battles, and a
fight to the death...
