Age/Stage Chart 1- Middle Childhood
Physical Cognitive Emotional Social School/Work Implications
- Brain grows measurably
with increase in white
matter volume (p.203)
- Greater development in
both gross motor and fine
motor skills (p.203)
- Bones broaden and
length; Individuals typically
grow 2-3 inches per year
(Morelli, 2019)
- Adult teeth push through
gums and baby teeth are
lost (Morelli, 2019)
- Cognitive Operational
Stage according to Piaget
(p.205)
- Can draw logical
conclusion across many
situations (p.206)
- Abstract concepts need
concrete examples (p.206)
- Difficulty distinguishing
own beliefs with objective
facts (p.207)
- Individuals start to
integrate opposing
characteristics and form
trait-like concepts of self
-Self-esteem often begins
to decline as they compare
themselves to others
(p.246)
- With a higher level of
competence in important
domains and a higher level
of social support, an
increase of self-esteem is
possible (p.250)
- Greater sophistication in
Social Cognition skills
(p.226)
- Friendship skills rely on
both behavioral and
cognitive development
(p.230)
- Social relationships are
necessary for learning
about other's point of view
and developing self-concept
(p.230)
- Factors for academic
growth: quantity of learning
opportunities, stimulating
environment, and finding
value in learning and the
learner (p.224)
- Facts and procedures
alone are not sufficient for
understanding according to
Piaget (p.225)
- Students need practice
and elaboration to gain
deeper meaning (p.226)
- Improved metacognitive
skills allows for problem
solving and perspective-
taking strategies to be
utilized in clinical/school
settings (p.237)
- Use of techniques such as
thought-listing, self-talk, or
video-mediated recall can
be helpful (p.237)
- Interventions for
aggressive behaviors
should employ strategies
that lead to social self-
efficacy (p.273)
- Boys and girls gain
muscle strength; An
average of 6-7 pounds is
gained per year with more
fatty tissue present in girls
(Morelli, 2019)
- As puberty nears,
awkward or confused
feelings about their bodies
emerge (Morelli, 2019)
- Having a healthy lifestyle
of nutritious meals,
exercise, and adequate
sleep is important for
growth and development
(Morelli, 2019)
- Continual improvement in
executive functions (p.212)
- Can pay attention to many
pieces of information at one
time (P.215)
- Increased processing
speeds and knowle...
