intermolecular Forces Lab Report
February 2017
Please answer all the questions in complete sentences. Answers should be typed. Drawings can be helpful.
1. Explain how evaporation occurs on the molecular level. Compare and contrast evaporation and boiling.
Evaporation occurs when there is a change either because the liquid is losing energy. When this happens, the molecules spread much farther than they were before and they turn into a gas. The main difference between Evaporation and boiling point is that in boiling the movement of the particles increases and it goes a lot faster. But for evaporation the movement is a lot slower, because it is taking up a lot more time than just boiling.
2. What type of intermolecular forces occur between non- polar molecules, i.e. the alkanes – pentane and hexane. How are the two molecules similar in structure? Different? Which has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction? Use the results of this experiment to explain their differences.
LDF (London Forces) is the type of intermolecular force that occurs in between non- polar molecules. Pentane and hexane are both very similar because they are both non- polar molecules, which means that the two elements have the same bond…LDF. They are also Alkanes, which contain carbons and hydrogens. They are different because heptane is a lot bigger than pentane, this is because heptane has more carbons and hydrogens than pentane. Also in the experiment, we timed how long it took for each molecule to evaporate. At the end of the experiment it took pentane 16 seconds to evaporate and it took heptane 66 seconds to evaporate. I believe that it took longer for the heptane to evaporate because it has a very high boiling point with 98degrees Celsius instead of 36 degrees Celsius for pentane. Because of that Heptane will have the strongest intermolecular force of attraction.
3. What type of intermolecular forces exists in the three alcohols we studied? Which of the alcohols has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction? The weakest? Use the results of this experiment to explain their differences.
In all the alcohols the intermolecular force that exists within all the alcohols is the Hydrogen Bond. I believe that the alcohol with the strongest intermolecular force...
