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to their god’s. The writing and scribes were also very important and interesting. Literacy was established in a small circle between Egyptian and Mesopotamian experts. Both Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies emerged in writing which lead them to drafting historical records in literacy compositions. I find so many things from Egyptian society interesting, but I can’t write them all down because there are so many. As for the Mesopotamia there is not many things that I know, but soon enough I’ll start conducting my research and find out a lot of things as well. So, once I start gathering my information I will find out if I like the other topic that I have decided to write about. The only
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1
Compare geometry in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia
February 14, 2019
1 Introduction
Geometry is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, solids,
and higher dimensional objects [1]. Geometric concepts were being utilised as early as 3000 BCE by the Egyptians
and Babylonians, it was a beneficial approach to enhance social well being of the civilisations such as tax collection,
building, trade and other practises [2]. Some important Egyptian documents were written in hieratic script; Rhind
Papyrus (1650 BCE) and Moscow Papyrus (1800 BCE), which were well preserved in the dry climate. However,
collecting Mesopotamia information has been
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Living in Mesopotamia, Hammurabi appears to be superior compared to Egypt of the Pharaohs. Each civilization has its benefits and its weaknesses. Although it seems that Egyptians had science, technology, and a steady supply of food, they a significant issue with their civilization. They had too many people. More people means more theft and goods stolen. Also, there appears to be no form of justice. Mesopotamia is a civilization that has a decent population and a series of codes made by Hammurabi to punish evil-doers. Mesopotamia had a population of 50 000 to 60 000 people. Their population is smaller compared to Ancient Egypt's. Ancient Egypt had a population of 200 000. Humans would have
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Refection paper laws are importantLaws are important to keep the citizens in line and to maintain the peace. With out laws there's nothing but chaos. The first Babylonian empire is best known for the Law Code of King Hammurabi, circa 1750 BC, purportedly handed down by the god Shamah. The laws of Moses derive from Hammurabi's code. The laws themselves are preserved on a 90-inch stone stele that was uncovered in Susa in modern times. It had been carted off by the Elamites following their sack of Babylon in 1158 BC. Hammurabi, the great Babylonian king from Mesopotamia, built a series of laws which were one of the first real honorable laws introduced in Mesopotamia. Hammurabi's Code was
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Hammurabi. Cheats were required to pay to move down to ten times the value of the question they had stolen, and killers were frequently condemned to death for their wrongdoings.
According to Mesopotamia, from the code of laws, I think Mesopotamia physically looks like a region that falls between two rivers such as Tigris and Euphrates. It looks like it has a dry climate. Mesopotamia has large, hard stone buildings that is really made from mud from the rives which dried into hard clay. Mesopotamia formed mud into bricks for buildings, vessels for storing and transporting food and liquids, sickle blades for farming, and images to worship and keep dangers away. Due to their economics, when
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the Egyptian, in Mesopotamia, the people, especially the Sumerians, are remembered for their many innovations, or new ways of doing things. For example, early farmers developed new agricultural techniques, such as irrigation, leading to economic surpluses. The Sumerians even wrote advice for farmers. Archaeologists have found almanacs written on clay tablets. These writings included information that described the best way to plant, to irrigate land, and to care for crops — farmers previously used to grow barley, wheat, cucumbers and some other variety of foods as well as vegetables. They made use of the stone hoes to plow the land before the innovation of the plow. The Euphrates and the
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Ancient Civilizations ISP
Ancient civilizations are fascinating, and two noteworthy aspects of them are art and religion. Although art is not exactly religion, it can contrast well with it. Since the fist civilizations, art has been used to help interpret the Gods, and connect them to society. This has been around for thousands of years and is still utilized in modern day society. Comparing civilizations like Ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and Greece demonstrate that the advancement of art and literature changed how the gods were perceived.
Mesopotamia was one of the earliest civilizations in the world and was very long lasting. This was for several reasons; the Mesopotamians were
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society may seek, and display a role model for all.
The Epic of Gilgamesh provides an insight of some cultural context about Mesopotamia through religion. Mesopotamian religion was polytheistic and anthropomorphic. Gods and goddesses would aid and interfere in the adventures of the people they govern over. We see that when Gilgamesh prays to the god Shamash for his safety as he holds a white and brown kid, and when Ninsun is asked by her son to make sacrifices to Shamash and to any other god so they can accept the request of protecting Gilgamesh. This shows traditionally what is acceptable and required in order to talk to a god or ask something from one. Gods were important to Mesopotamia as
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Lydians had the idea of coined money for an economy. The money system replaced bartering and is now the basis of the world economy. The Babylonians made a not so comprehensive code of law. Hammurabi's code brought serenity throughout Mesopotamia, and laws are now expected from a functioning government.In those three aspects, modern life has been greatly affected by ancient civilizations. With props to the Sumerians, Phoenicians, Hittites, Lydians, Babylonians and the Assyrians, technology is more advanced. Communication is easier and society is more organized.
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The World Effects from GilgameshGilgamesh is the earliest text in existence, being over 3,500 years old, it gives insight into that time period and how people of that time thought and lived. Those cultural values of ancient Mesopotamia helped in the development of the basic ideas of both Christianity and Judaism. In knowing this, one can infer how important the story and legend of Gilgamesh is and was to the people of that time and of today's society.In knowing these facts, which go hand and hand with The Bible, historians can show that some of the texts within the body are in fact modeled from the story of Gigamesh. Such as the epic of Noah's ark, this is a great example of how some of the
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Free
Introduction of TileSince ancient times, tile has been used for both construction and decorative purposes. It's been an essential component throughout the history of building and design.As early as 4000 BC, glazed tiles were used for decoration in Egypt and ancient Mesopotamia. From China and the Far East, to the Near East and throughout Europe, tile became a prominent art form as well as a beautiful and durable building material.Tile fabrication methods and patterns have long had meaning to different regions of the world, and varied designs from different countries are now easily recognizable. Consider for example Delft from the Netherlands, Majolica from Italy, or Mexico's intricate
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In the Babylonian, King Hammurabi fashioned a compendium of 282 laws that set the standards of conduct and justice for his empire in ancient Mesopotamia. The commands covered everything from property rights and criminal behavior to slavery and divorce and promised brutal punishments. The code included more bizarre and gruesome forms of punishment. Under this system, if a man broke the bone of one of his equals, his own bone was broken in return. Capital crimes were dealt with their own unique and grisly death penalties. If a son and mother were caught committing incest, they were burned to death; if a pair of scheming lovers conspired to murder their spouse, both were impaled. Even
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-king. The other images showed power but not as much power and respect as Khafre Enthroned.
Works Cited
17Green. Khafre Enthroned. 14 November 2013. .
Kleiner, Fred S. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History Fourteenth Edition. Vol. 1. Boston: Clark Baxter, 2014.
Word Press. Ancient to Medieval Art . 09 03 2019. .
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Untitled
ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS
MESOPOTAMIA AND SUMER
MESOPOTAMIA AND SUMER
Mesopotamia - means "Land Between Two Rivers"
Two Rivers: Tigris and Euphrates
Forms part of the famous "fertile Crescent"
Reasons why Mesopotamia became the birth place of history and civilization: strategic location, fertile soil and favorable climate
CITY STATES DEVELOP IN SUMER
Twelve city-states were formed.
City-state = city and farmlands around it
Each city-state had its own government and was independent of the other city states.
Council of elders - rule the city
appoint lugals (generals) to lead the armies in times of war
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C Silverthorne
In old kingdom and new kingdom Egypt, things were quite different. One example of this is in Interactions. Throughout first wave Egypt, interactions evolved and the way they were carried out from the old kingdom to the new kingdom changed. For example, in the old kingdom, they traded a lot, and were welcoming to outsiders, whereas in the middle kingdom, they began to be more wary and started to build more military, until finally in the new kingdom Egypt was Xenophobic and didn’t trade or interact with outsiders nearly as often. One example of this is trade in the old kingdom. They traded with places like Mesopotamia, or Nubia, exchanging resources without an extreme amount of
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The Epic of Gilgamesh is the most outstanding work of ancient Mesopotamia and one of the earliest pieces of world literature. One specific author did not write The Epic of Gilgamesh. This is a story about the King of Uruk, Gilgamesh, who was remembered for building of the Uruk's monumental city walls, which were ten kilometers long and fitted with nine hundred towers. The Epic of Gilgamesh was original written in an epic poem. It was also written in cuneiform script, wedge-shaped characters incised in clay or stone, and has no connection to any other known language. This poem tells about this man's lifetime story. Throughout the tale, Gilgamesh refuses to believe that his life will come to
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then moved his army and went on to conquer the Greek city-states on the Ionian coast also in Asia Minor. After that, he went towards the east and defeated the eastern part of Iran. In 539 B.C., Cyrus went into Mesopotamia and took over Babylon. His treatment of Babylon was well restrained. In fact he has a reputation for being less cruel than other kings of the time, like the Assyrians (Spielvogel, 44). Babylonia was made into another Persian province and was ruled by a governor but a lot of the already established people in power kept their jobs. Cyrus took many names for himself such as “King of All, King of the Land of Summer and Akkad, king of the Four Rimes, and the Son of Cambyses the
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that the Harappan civilization laid the foundation for later societies, are seals carved with symbols and figures. These seals, which are also discovered in Mesopotamia, are thought to be used as an indication of ownership for trading purposes, further suggesting an extremely early date of human habitations in the Indus Valley allowing for such cross regional interactions. [footnoteRef:6] [4: Trautmann, “The Beginning of Indian Civilization,” 18.] [5: Ibid., 20.] [6: Ibid., 24.]
Besides inscriptions, figures in yogic posture are found on seals. These figures may be an early form of Shiva, the “Lord of Beasts” in Hinduism.[footnoteRef:7] Such resemblance is an indicator of cultural
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governments of the early river-valley civilizations and the classical civilizations?
18. What was the role of geography in the political development of Ancient Greece?
19. How did Greek politics resemble Indian politics 20. What were the characteristics of the Hellenistic Era?
21. What happened to Alexander's empire after his death?
22. What was the attitude of Buddhism to the Indian caste system?
23. What was the expansion of Rome dependent on?
24. Why was the collapse of the western part of the Roman Empire more disastrous than the collapse of Han China or Gupta India?
25. What was the principal political organization of early Mesopotamia and Classical Greece?
26. What are the
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did I find in Alexandria, and many in the rest of Egypt, and others in Palestine, and in Syria, and in Mesopotamia. I admired their continence in living, and their endurance in toil; I was amazed at their persistency in prayer, and at their triumphing over sleep; subdued by no natural necessity, ever keeping their souls' purpose high and free, in hunger, in thirst, in cold, in nakedness, they never yielded to the body; they were never willing to waste attention on it; always, as though living in a flesh that was not theirs, they showed in very deed what it is to sojourn for a while in this life, and what to have one's citizenship and home in heaven. All this moved my admiration. I called
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